Baldwinsville man combines love of music and passion for building, maintaining pipe organs

By Barb Canale

Most people who enter a church are drawn to the altar with the center aisle leading the way. They usually seek a closer inspection of the ornate paintings, statues and tapestries.

But when Ben Merchant enters a church, he walks halfway down the aisle, turns around and looks for the pipe organ tucked in a corner or hiding in the choir loft.

This Baldwinsville man loves pipe organs for a good reason. He’s spent most of his life building them.
Merchant’s dad, an electrical-mechanical engineer, taught his son how things worked and how to fix them while he was growing up.

“As a result, I’ve always had a knack for working with tools, and things mechanical and electrical,” Merchant says. “Additionally, my dad is an excellent carpenter who I learned the rudiments of wood-working from.”
Merchant inherited his mother’s love of music and was involved in a church with an active music program.
His fascination with the church’s organ intensified his interest in how they worked. In college at SUNY Albany he studied piano technology and harpsichord building.

“I was able to combine my mechanical skills with my love of music,” he says.

While most undergraduates toil in libraries, Merchant spent one semester rebuilding a grand piano. “Another semester I built a small harpsichord,” he says, beaming. “I was particularly attracted to the harpsichord with its brittle, brilliant tone.”

Merchant says, “Bach has always been my favorite composer, and I fell in love with his many compositions for harpsichord. I thought I’d died and gone to heaven the first time I heard a live performance of the Goldberg Variations.”

He also studied voice during college, and sang in a choir at All Saints Episcopal Cathedral in Albany for four years. Merchant thought the music was challenging, but it was also high quality. He learned and performed a different mass setting every week. “I had never been exposed to such beautiful music on a weekly basis,” he says. “Singing there changed my life,” he says. “Beautiful church music is to me, literally, soul-soothing. I became, and still am, a church-music junkie!”

Upon graduation Merchant landed two jobs. One was for an organ builder; the second position was working as an apprentice to a harpsichord maker. He worked at both for several years learning the basics of organ and harpsichord building. In 1976, he enrolled in a graduate program at Syracuse University.

“As part of my degree, I even arranged to study several famous historic harpsichords at the Smithsonian museum,” he says. “I also attained an assistantship at SU, where I taught courses on the history of pipe organ and harpsichord building.”

At SU he met Rob Kerner, who had just completed his degree in pipe organ performance. In 1978 they formed a partnership: Kerner and Merchant Pipe Organ Builders, Ltd. Initially, their business was small, working from the basement up.

“I had been collecting used woodworking machines for a while, and we set them up in the cellar of my house,” he says. “In retrospect, I wonder how we survived. The first year in business I made about $3,000.”
Merchant wanted to build both pipe organs and harpsichords, but it was apparent that there was more of a demand for servicing and building only pipe organs.

“In the early 1980s we picked up the contract to service the pipe organs at the Eastman School of Music,” he says, referring to the school in Rochester.

According to Merchant, George Eastman was a big fan of the organ. He had one in his house, and the school he founded has one of the largest and finest organ departments in the world. Merchant also notes that the fulltime curator of the 17-pipe organs at the school was unable to maintain them. Merchant’s business partner eventually left the company and accepted the curator position. Merchant kept the company name and maintains a cordial relationship with Kerner, occasionally using him as a consultant.

Merchant, 56, has been in business for more than 31 years. He has eight employees and the business occupies a building on Johnson Street in East Syracuse.

The business maintains hundreds of pipe organs in Central New York and has built or rebuilt dozens of instruments.

It hasn’t all been smooth sailing, however. In 2005 the building caught on fire and was nearly destroyed. Merchant admitted it took almost an entire year dealing with contractors, insurance adjusters, inspectors, and architects, while trying to generate a revenue stream and stay in the black.

“The good news is that we were able to make a number of upgrades and improvements to our building with the insurance money,” he says.

The bulk of the income is from rebuilding, restoring and upgrading equipment.

At Holy Cross Church in DeWitt, Merchant received a contract to move the organ, store it, expand it and upgrade the controlling system with a new fiber-optic computerized system.

The business also has contracts with more than one hundred churches for which it provides tuning and maintenance. It tunes the organs once, twice, or in some cases, three times a year. Merchant says the business also maintains pipe organs at a number of universities and colleges around CNY and a few in peoples’ homes.

This is more than a full-time enterprise, according to Merchant. “I have worked 80 or 90 hour weeks, with several all-nighters, to complete a job,” he says.

If you wonder about the construction of a pipe organ, you’re not alone. Pipe organs are complicated, made of wood, leather and metal.

“Our company tries to make as many of the components ourselves, but if I find a supplier who can make the part cheaper, I will buy it from them,” Merchant says.

He mentions the organ at Holy Cross Church in DeWitt. “We made the console cabinet, and purchased the keyboards and pedal boards from various suppliers. The keyboards came from England, the pedal board came from Erie, Pennsylvania, and the interior controlling system came from South Dakota,” he said. The massive cabinet at Holy Cross was made by hand. Put altogether it’s a sight to behold.

Merchant feels organ building requires knowledge and skill in several disciplines. Organs are visual works of art or sculptures assembled right into the building. Good organ builders require a feel for design and style.
“Early in my career, I thought that how organs sounded was more important than how they looked. When I go back to some of my earlier installations, I think they look utilitarian and clunky,” he says. “It took me many years to learn that if an organ looked beautiful it would sound better. The visual opinion of the organ influences how the audience hears it. Now, I construct organs to look and sound beautiful.”

There are many facets to building pipe organs. One that Merchant enjoys is working with the pipes and sounds. An organ builder needs good ears and an understanding of how sounds are blended.

“Because I work almost exclusively in churches, I am sensitive to coupling the music to the liturgy,” Merchant says.

In addition, a successful instrument should fit the acoustics of a particular room. “I have heard well-built instruments that were unsuccessful because they couldn’t overcome bad acoustics in a room,” he says. “I have also heard mediocre organs sound fantastic because of great acoustics.”
Merchant says that first-rate organ building equals an instrument that compliments blends with its setting both visually and acoustically. He feels the trick is to correctly scale the pipes ahead of time to fit a particular room.

Acoustics will always be a poorly understood subject and even today the best acoustic engineers struggle in designing concert halls and music venues.

Merchant recalls when Holy Cross church was being designed, he persuaded the architect to improve the acoustics by making building modifications. “At one point they contemplated making the room less lively and install a $200,000 electronic reinforcing system,” he says. “We helped convince them to design the room properly and forgo the fancy electronic system.”

A large organ project can take almost a year to build. Parts and pipes are ordered, sometimes up to six months in advance. The key is to pull everything together in a timely manner.

“Finishing a job feels great, especially when the customers are satisfied,” he says. “One of my favorite times is hearing the organ played well after it is completed,” he says.

At the end of a project, Merchant has an idea of how the instrument should sound. “But as I work with the pipes, the sound takes on a life of its own,” he says. “I particularly love to hear a good organist play one of my instruments. I appreciate when they take the time to figure out how I constructed the sound and how they can use it. I’m delighted when they come up with a combination that hadn’t occurred to me,” he says. Merchant says it’s all about the music. After learning about his passion in building pipe organs, it’s more about the love that goes into making them.